Gambling involves risking something of value on an activity that is primarily a matter of chance in the hope of winning. It has existed in virtually every society since prerecorded times and is incorporated into many local customs and rites of passage. While most individuals participate in gambling as a form of entertainment, a small group develops problems with this activity that have negative personal, family, work and social consequences.
Problem gambling affects people from all walks of life, but it tends to be more common in certain groups. For example, men are more likely to become problem gamblers than women, and children who start gambling at a young age may develop a gambling disorder later in life. People who have an underactive brain reward system or are prone to impulse control issues are also more vulnerable to becoming problem gamblers.
The economic impact of gambling can be significant, especially in countries where it is a prominent industry. It provides jobs, and enables people to pay taxes that benefit local communities. Some studies have also shown that gambling increases consumer spending in the areas where it is prevalent.
There are also negative impacts associated with gambling that have received less emphasis in research. Some of these include the effects of gambling on family and workplace, a tendency to place an inordinate amount of importance on money, and business practices that exploit gamblers. Other negative aspects of gambling can be seen in published news accounts and bankruptcy court records, where gamblers often end up with enormous debts that they are unable to repay.